Maniola jurtina - Meadow Brown - Bruin zandoogje - Großes Ochsenauge
The male upperside is smoky brown with a fairly obvious black sex-brand in the rear half of the forewing and a single, orange-ringed apical eye-spot. There is usually no more than a faint orange smudge around and bewlow the eye-spot, but the species is very veriable and in some specimens ther is a well -developed orang post-discal band. The hindwing is unmarked, although the post-discal region may be a little paler than the rest of the wing. The female upperside is slightly paler than that of the male, with a broad orange post-discal band and usually an extensive orange flush in the centre of the forewing as well. The apical eye-spot is often much larger than that of the male and occasionally contains two pupils, and the upperside of the hindwing has a pale brown or orang post-discal band. In both sexes the underside of the forewing has an orange basal half, a slightly paler post-discal band, brown borders and a very conspicuous eye-spot. The underside of the hindwing is light brown, often speckled with darker scales, an dhas a paler post-discal band which is often greyish or yellowish. Flight from May to October in one brood at grassy places of all kinds. The larval foodplants are a wide range of grasses.